A case study of pea aphids and aphidius ervi anthony r. Aphidius ervi preferentially attacks the green morph of the. Only females responded to aphids but both sexes responded to plant odours. Expression differences in aphidius ervi hymenoptera. The wasp aphidius ervi, a generalist koinobiont parasitoid of aphids, was introduced from europe into chile in the late 1970s to control agriculturally important aphid species. The molecular mechanisms that allow generalist parasitoids to exploit many, often very distinct hosts are practically unknown. Aphidius ervi ervi will parasitise a number of aphid species but is most commonly used to help control large aphid species such as aulacorthum solani foxglove or glasshouse potato aphid, macrosiphum euphorbiae potato aphid, and acrythosiphum sp.
Ecological interactions affecting the efficacy of aphidius colemani in. The aphid parasitoid aphidius ervi haliday hymenoptera. Aphidius adults are small wasps, typically less than 18 inch 3 mm long. The reactions of two cereal aphid parasitoids, aphidius. It is not clear whether these results reflect a real preference, or some unknown clonal difference, such as in immunity, between the aphids used in the. Aphidius ervi are shipped in a 125 ml bottle that contains at least 250 mummies and adult aphid parasites. Aphidius matricariae halliday is an important enemy of among other hosts myzus persicae and of cereal aphids in egypt. Parasitic wasp, aphidius ervi for aphid control bugs for. Parasitic waspsaphidius ervi controlling aphid in production horticulture. These two endoparasitic aphid wasps are commercially available as a mixture in a single package to target their different species specific host aphid species that occur as a mixed populat. Aphidius ervi name synonyms aphidius fumipennis gyorfi, 1958 aphidius infirmus nees, 1811 aphidius medicaginis marshall, 1898 aphidius mirotarsi stary, 1963 aphidius nigrescens mackauer, 1962 aphidius ulmi marshall, 1896 macrocentrus infirmus nees, 1834 rogas infirmus nees, 1834 homonyms aphidius ervi haliday, 1834. Stary and others published aphidius colemani viereck. Aphidius ervi is a widely used biological control agent that. Aphidius is widely used to control aphids in greenhouses by commercial growers.
In last decade, several laboratories have explored the possibilities of its mass production and achieved a limited success 4,9,10,11. In the middle east is has been recovered, among other hosts, from acyrthosiphon pisum. Video by ashley summerfield, vineland research and innovation centre. The first record of aphidius ervi haliday in slovenia acta agriculturae slovenica, 93 2, julij 2009 167 the samples of aphids for identification were kept in an eppendorf tube 1. Aphidius ervi haliday hymenoptera, braconidae is an efficient parasitoid of several economically important aphid species and is found almost everywhere in the world 7,8. Aphidius species are a group of native parasitic wasps, frequently found parasitizing aphids in greenhouses and outdoor crops.
Aphidius ervi was already found in australia, east palaearctic, nearctic region and in north africa fauna europaea, 2007. Aphidius nigripes is a species of parasitoid wasp in the subfamily aphidiinae of the family braconidae. Nutritional and physiological ecology of insect host parasltold associations. Parasitic wasps aphidius ervi are more attracted to a blend of hostinduced plant volatiles than to the independent compounds. Its taxonomy, distribution and host range hymenoptera, aphidiidae find. Aphidius ervi from europe uses a variety of host species and is. An aphidius ervi in nahilalakip ha genus nga aphidius, ngan familia nga braconidae. An aphidius ervi in uska species han hymenoptera nga ginhulagway ni alexander henry haliday hadton 1834.
Although the larval morphology of other aphidiinae has been described, the morphology and immature development of a. Placentalike structure of the aphid endoparasitic wasp. Parasitic wasps aphidius ervi are more attracted to a blend. Wasps could learn a blend of the above nine chemicals at lower concentrations than they did the. Parasitoides afidiinos hymenoptera,braconidae, aphidiinae. Aphidiussystem is used for the biological control of smallsized aphids. The species discussed here are commercially available, and are generally used in greenhouses. The performance of two aphid parasitoids, aphidius colemani viereck and aphidius matricariae haliday, against aphis gossypii glover on greenhouse cucumber cucumis sativus l. The aphid parasitoid aphidius rhopalosiphi is the most abundant species of aphidiinae in cereal fields in northern europe.
Aphidius ervi will consume all types of larger aphids, especially the potato aphid, macrosiphum euphorbiae, and the glasshouse potato aphid, aulacorthum solani. Geographic structure on the searching behaviour of a specialist parasitoid. The defenders mixed aphid control aph25 consists of 2 species, aphidius ervi and aphidius colemani, sold as justhatching mummies. Learning by the parasitoid wasp, aphidius ervi um seas. Jun 27, 2017 the parasitoid aphidius ervi causing foxglove aphid aulacorthum solani to disperse.
It is the most common parasitoid of the potato aphid macrosiphum euphorbiae in eastern north america. Pdf host age preference in aphidius ervi hymenoptera. Competitive interactions between the pea aphid parasitoids. Aphidius system is used for the biological control of smallsized aphids. Pdf reproductive strategies of aphidius ervi haliday. Pdf biological control is beginning to be more commonly used, especially in greenhouses. Endoparasitoid wasps are important natural enemies of the widely distributed aphid pests and are mainly used as biological control agents. Jun 22, 2016 aphidius ervi halliday also parasitizes many aphid species that infest various crops. Aphidius ervi became dominant when equal numbers of female parasitoids were introduced into.
Aphelinidae are two species of solitary parasitoids increasingly being used in america and europe for biological control of aphids dazabustamante et al. Aphidius ervi is shipped as mummies expect to see some hatched adults on arrival, and is an excellent parasite of potato aphid macrosiphum euphorbiae, foxglove aphid aulacorthum solani and the pea aphid acyrthosiphon pisum. The parasitoid aphidius ervi causing foxglove aphid aulacorthum solani to disperse. Help pages, faqs, uniprotkb manual, documents, news archive and biocuration projects. Braconidae by lezel muller submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree magister scientiae entomology in the faculty of natural and. Pdf improvement in the cold storage of aphidius ervi. Due to covid19 the following items will need to ordered before noon pst on monday to receive the following week. The blend of volatile compounds emitted by tomato plants solanum lycopersicum infested with the potato aphid macrosiphum euphorbiae has been studied. Aphidius ervi haliday is a quasigregarious parasitoid of a number of aphid pests on economically important crops such as legumes and cereals. Aphidius ervi is effective against larger aphid species, such as potato aphid and foxglove aphid, but is ineffective against green peach and melon aphid. These endoparasitic aphid wasps are commercially available and considered as the excellent biological control agent in controlling different species of aphids especially acyrthosiph. Hostlocating response by the aphid parasitoid aphidius ervi to. Text is available under the creative commons attributionsharealike license. Braconidae and aphelinus abdominalis dalman hymenoptera.
One or more of the features that are needed to show you the maps functionality are not available in the web browser that you are using. Adults are tiny, dark coloured, nonstinging wasps, up. Two mixed parasitic wasps, aphidius colemani and aphidius. Larval morphology and development of aphidius rhopalosiphi.
Nutritional and physiological ecology of insect host. Our aim was here to identify the major protein components of the venom injected. The eggs hatch inside and the larvae spin cocoons which swell the aphid s body. Biopesticide properties for aphidius ervi, including approvals, environmental fate, ecotoxicity and human health issues. The pea aphid, acyrthosiphon pisum harris hemiptera. Both aphidius colemani aphidiusforce c and aphidius ervi aphidiusforce e are parasitoid wasps that will attack many common species of aphids. Previous work has suggested that the aphidiine parasitoid aphidius ervi haliday preferentially attacks green pea aphids in the field. Aphidius ervi are all black and are larger than the other aphidius species. Weexamined aphidius ervi, an important introduced biological control agent in chile associated with a great number of aphid species, which are exploiting different plant hosts and habitats. Aphidius ervi was introduced in chile in the 1970s as part of a classical biological control strategy to minimize the damage caused by the grain aphid s.
Aphidius species are very small, nonstinging wasps with long, slender body and long antennae. An aphid parasitoid used as a biocontrol agent for aphids mainly in glasshouses. Aphidius ervi ervi will parasitise a number of aphid species but is most commonly used to help control large aphid species such as aulacorthum solani foxglove or glasshouse potato aphid, macrosiphum euphorbiae potato aphid, and acrythosiphum spp. The pea aphid aphidius ervi system richard vincent sequeira b. Environmental fate ecotoxicology human health a to z index home. Potato aphid macrosiphum euporbiae, greenhouse potato aphid aulacorthum solani, pea aphid acyrthosiphon pisum, green peach aphid, california laurel aphid euthoracaphis umbellulariae. Aphidius colemani will sting the potato aphid, macrosiphum euphorbiae thomas, but it is. Morphological variation of aphidius ervi haliday hymenoptera. Pdf host age preference by aphidius ervi haliday on pea aphid. Pdf morphological variation of aphidius ervi haliday. The braconid aphidius ervi haliday is often reported to be the most important parasitoid, and was. Many other species of aphids may also serve as hosts. Aphidius colemani, ervi aphid parasite blend 500aphidius colemani is a natural us native aphid parasite and very useful and effective for the prevention and lowinfestation management of various aphid species. Host species suitability and instar preference of aphidius.
Complete metamorphosis takes place within the host. The wasp genus aphidius is a large group containing numerous species, all of which attack aphids and provide natural control of aphids in backyard gardens, commercial fields, and urban landscapes. Aphidius ervi haliday, 1834 aphidius uzbekistanicus luzhetzki, 1960 sipha rungsia maydis passerini, 1860 adialytus ambiguus haliday, 1834 tetraneurat. The parasitoid aphidius ervi haliday hymenoptera, braconidae and. A strong flier, it can locate small aphid colonies, making it excellent for preventive applications.
The wasp aphidius ervi, a generalist koinobiont parasitoid of aphids. Aphid endoparasitic wasp aphidius ervi wasps are black in color, 45 mm long and slender bodied with brown colored legs and long antennae. The bottle has a ventilated cap for optimum humidity. Identification of the main venom protein components of aphidius ervi. Aphidius colemani is a small parasitic wasp that lays its eggs in aphids. However, despite the increased interest on aphid interaction networks, only sparse information is available on the factors used by parasitoids to modulate the aphid physiology. Aphidiusforce e for aphid control beneficial insectary inc. Aphidius ervi is an hymenoptera braconidae common parasitoid of different genus of aphids like macrosiphum, aulacorthum, acyrtosiphon and others, all of which are characterized by larger dimensions in respect to the hosts preferred by the close species a.
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